ikhasi_ikhanda_bg

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-polyanionic cellulose (PAC) oketshezini lokumba olusekelwe emanzini

I-Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) isetshenziswa kakhulu njengesinciphisi sokulahlekelwa uketshezi, isithuthukisi se-viscosity kanye nesilawuli se-rheological kuketshezi lokumba.Leli phepha lichaza kafushane izinkomba eziyinhloko zomzimba namakhemikhali e-PAC, njenge-viscosity, i-rheology, ukufana kokushintshanisa, ukuhlanzeka kanye nesilinganiso se-viscosity sikasawoti, kuhlanganiswe nezinkomba zohlelo lokusebenza ku-drilling fluid.
Isakhiwo samangqamuzana e-PAC esiyingqayizivele siyenza ibonise ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwesicelo emanzini ahlanzekile, amanzi anosawoti, emanzini olwandle namanzi anosawoti agcwele.Uma isetshenziswa njengesinciphisi se-filtrate kuketshezi lokumba, i-PAC inekhono eliphumelelayo lokulawula ukulahleka kwamanzi, futhi ikhekhe lodaka elakhiwe lincane futhi liqinile.Njenge-viscosifier, ingathuthukisa ngokushesha i-viscosity ebonakalayo, i-viscosity yepulasitiki namandla ashukumisayo we-shear oketshezi lokumba, futhi ithuthukise futhi ilawule i-rheology yodaka.Lezi zakhiwo zohlelo lokusebenza zihlobene eduze nezinkomba zomzimba namakhemikhali emikhiqizo yazo.

1. I-PAC viscosity kanye nokusebenza kwayo kuketshezi lokumba

I-PAC viscosity iyisici sesisombululo se-colloidal esakhiwe ngemva kokuncibilika emanzini.Ukuziphatha kwe-rheological kwesisombululo se-PAC kunethonya elibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwaso.I-viscosity ye-PAC ihlobene nezinga le-polymerization, ukugxila kwesisombululo kanye nezinga lokushisa.Ngokuvamile, ukuphakama kwezinga le-polymerization, i-viscosity ephezulu;I-viscosity yanda ngokwanda kokugxila kwe-PAC;I-viscosity yesisombululo iyancipha ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa.I-NDJ-79 noma i-Brookfield viscometer ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlola i-viscosity kuzinkomba zomzimba namakhemikhali zemikhiqizo ye-PAC.I-viscosity yemikhiqizo ye-PAC ilawulwa ngokuya ngezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza.Uma i-PAC isetshenziswa njenge-tackifier noma isilawuli se-rheological, i-viscosity ephezulu i-PAC ngokuvamile iyadingeka (imodeli yomkhiqizo ngokuvamile i-pac-hv, pac-r, njll.).Lapho i-PAC isetshenziswa kakhulu njengesinciphisi sokulahlekelwa uketshezi futhi ingakhulisi i-viscosity yoketshezi lokumba noma iguqule i-rheology yoketshezi lokumba olusetshenziswayo, i-viscosity ephansi imikhiqizo ye-PAC iyadingeka (amamodeli omkhiqizo ngokuvamile ayi-pac-lv ne-pac-l).
Ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, i-rheology yokumba uketshezi ihlobene: (1) ikhono lokumba uketshezi lokuthwala ama-cuttings okugaya nokuhlanza umthombo;(2) Amandla okunciphisa;(3) Umphumela wokuzinzisa odongeni lwe-shaft;(4) Idizayini yokuthuthukisa yemingcele yokumba.I-rheology yokumba uketshezi ngokuvamile ihlolwe nge-viscometer ye-rotary engu-6-speed: 600 rpm, 300 rpm, 200 rpm, 100 rpm no-6 rpm.Ukufundwa kwe-RPM oku-3 kusetshenziselwa ukubala i-viscosity ebonakalayo, i-viscosity yepulasitiki, amandla okugunda aguquguqukayo namandla okushefa amile, abonisa i-rheology ye-PAC kuketshezi lokumba.Esimeni esifanayo, ukuphakama kwe-viscosity ye-PAC, ukuphakama okubonakalayo kwe-viscosity kanye ne-plastic viscosity, kanye namandla okugunda aguquguqukayo namandla okugunda okumile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlobo eziningi zoketshezi lokumba olusekelwe emanzini (njengoketshezi lokumba lwamanzi ahlanzekile, uketshezi lokumba lokwelapha ngamakhemikhali, uketshezi lokumba lokwelapha nge-calcium, uketshezi lokumba usawoti, uketshezi lokumba lwamanzi olwandle, njll.), ngakho-ke i-rheology ye-PAC ehlukene. amasistimu oketshezi okumba ahlukile.Ezinhlelweni ezikhethekile zoketshezi lokumba, kungase kube khona ukuchezuka okukhulu ekuhloleni umthelela ku-fluidity yoketshezi lokumba kuphela kunkomba ye-viscosity ye-PAC.Isibonelo, ohlelweni lokumba uketshezi lwamanzi olwandle, ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kukasawoti, nakuba umkhiqizo une-viscosity ephezulu, izinga eliphansi lokushintshwa komkhiqizo lizoholela ekuphikisweni okuphansi kukasawoti womkhiqizo, okuholela ekukhuleni komphumela ompofu we-viscosity. komkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, okuholela ekubonakaleni okuphansi kwe-viscosity, i-viscosity yepulasitiki ephansi kanye namandla aphansi aguquguqukayo okugunda oketshezi lokumba, okuholela ekutheni uketshezi lokumba lungakwazi ukuthwala izicucu zokumba, okungase kuholele ekunamatheleni okungathi sína. amacala.

2.Iziqu zokushintsha nokufana kwe-PAC kanye nokusebenza kwayo oketshezini lokumba

Izinga lokushintshanisa lemikhiqizo ye-PAC livame ukuba likhulu noma lilingane no-0.9.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezidingo ezihlukene zabakhiqizi abahlukahlukene, izinga lokushintshwa kwemikhiqizo ye-PAC lihlukile.Eminyakeni yamuva, izinkampani zesevisi kawoyela ziye zathuthukisa ngokuqhubekayo izidingo zokusebenza kwemikhiqizo ye-PAC, futhi isidingo semikhiqizo ye-PAC enezinga eliphezulu lokushintshwa siyakhula.
Izinga lokuthatha indawo kanye nokufana kwe-PAC kuhlobene eduze nesilinganiso se-viscosity kasawoti, ukumelana nosawoti kanye nokulahlekelwa kokuhlunga komkhiqizo.Ngokuvamile, ukuphakama kwezinga le-PAC esikhundleni, kuba ngcono ukufana esikhundleni, kanye nesilinganiso se-viscosity kasawoti, ukumelana nosawoti kanye nokuhlunga komkhiqizo.
Lapho i-PAC ichitheka kusixazululo esiqinile sikasawoti we-electrolyte, i-viscosity yesixazululo izokwehla, okuholela kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi umphumela kasawoti.Ama-ion a-positive afakwe usawoti kanye - coh2coo - Isenzo seqembu le-anion le-H2O sehlisa (noma siqede ngisho) i-homoelectricity ochungechungeni oluseceleni lwe-molecule ye-PAC.Ngenxa yamandla e-electrostatic repulsion enganele, ama-curls amaketanga e-molecular and deforms, kanye namanye amabhondi e-hydrogen phakathi kwamaketanga amangqamuzana aphuka, acekela phansi isakhiwo sokuqala sendawo futhi anciphise ngokuqondile i-viscosity yamanzi.
Ukumelana nosawoti kwe-PAC kuvame ukukalwa nge-salt viscosity ratio (SVR).Uma inani le-SVR liphezulu, i-PAC ibonisa ukuzinza okuhle.Ngokuvamile, uma izinga lokushintsha liphakeme futhi kuba ngcono ukufana kokushintshanisa, kukhulisa inani le-SVR.
Uma i-PAC isetshenziswa njengesinciphisi se-filtrate, ingakwazi ukwenza i-ioni ibe ama-anion ama-multivalent amaketanga kuketshezi lokumba.Amaqembu e-hydroxyl ne-ether oxygen kuketango lamangqamuzana akhe amabhondi e-hydrogen ane-oksijini ebusweni bezinhlayiya ze-viscosity noma enze izibopho zokuxhumanisa ne-Al3 + onqenqemeni olunqamula ibhondi lwezinhlayiya zobumba, ukuze i-PAC ikwazi ukukhangiswa obumba;Ukufakwa kwe-hydration kwamaqembu amaningi e-sodium carboxylate kushubisa ifilimu ye-hydration ebusweni bezinhlayiya zobumba, kuvimbela ukuhlangana kwezinhlayiya zobumba zibe yizinhlayiya ezinkulu ngenxa yokushayisana (ukuvikelwa kweglue), futhi izinhlayiya eziningi zobumba ezinhle zizokhangiswa ochungechungeni lwamangqamuzana e-PAC at. ngesikhathi esifanayo ukwakha isakhiwo senethiwekhi esixubile esimboza lonke uhlelo, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzinza kokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlayiya ze-viscosity, ukuvikela okuqukethwe kwezinhlayiya ekubhobholeni uketshezi futhi kwakha ikhekhe lodaka eliminyene, Nciphisa ukuhlunga.Lapho izinga lokushintshaniswa kwemikhiqizo ye-PAC liphakeme, izinga eliphezulu lokuqukethwe kwe-sodium carboxylate liphezulu, kuba ngcono ukufana kokushintshwa, futhi ifilimu ye-hydration ifane, okwenza umphumela wokuvikela ijeli we-PAC uqine oketshezini lokumba, sobala umphumela wokuncipha kokulahlekelwa uketshezi.

3. Ukuhlanzeka kwePAC kanye nokusebenza kwayo oketshezini lokumba

Uma isistimu yoketshezi lokumba ihlukile, umthamo we-ejenti yokwelapha uketshezi lokumba kanye ne-ejenti yokwelapha kuhlukile, ngakho-ke umthamo we-PAC ezinhlelweni ezihlukene zoketshezi lokumba ungase uhluke.Uma umthamo we-PAC oketshezini lokumba ucacisiwe futhi uketshezi lokubhoboza lune-rheology enhle nokunciphisa ukuhlunga, kungafinyelelwa ngokulungisa ubumsulwa.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo, ukuphakama kokuhlanzeka kwe-PAC, kuba ngcono ukusebenza komkhiqizo.Kodwa-ke, ukuhlanzeka kwe-PAC nokusebenza kahle komkhiqizo akukhona ukuthi kuphezulu.Ibhalansi phakathi kokusebenza komkhiqizo nobumsulwa idinga ukunqunywa ngokuvumelana nesimo sangempela.

4. Ukusebenza kokusetshenziswa kwe-PAC elwa namagciwane kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo oketshezini lokumba

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, amanye ama-microorganisms azodala ukuthi i-PAC ibole, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwesenzo se-cellulase kanye ne-amylase ephezulu, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kweketango eliyinhloko le-PAC kanye nokwakhiwa kokunciphisa ushukela, izinga le-polymerization liyancipha, futhi i-viscosity yesisombululo iyancipha. .Amandla e-anti enzyme e-PAC ikakhulukazi ancike ekufaniseni kwamangqamuzana kanye nezinga lokushintsha.I-PAC enokufana okuhle esikhundleni kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokushintsha linokusebenza okungcono kwama-enzyme.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iketango laseceleni elixhunywe izinsalela zeglucose lingavimbela ukubola kwe-enzyme.
Izinga lokushintsha le-PAC liphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa, ngakho umkhiqizo unokusebenza okuhle kwe-antibacterial futhi ngeke ukhiqize iphunga elibolile ngenxa yokuvutshelwa ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokwengeza izilondolozi ezikhethekile, ezisiza ekwakhiweni kwendawo.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-PAC ayinabo ubuthi futhi ayinabungozi, ayinakho ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingabola ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ze-microbial.Ngakho-ke, kulula ukwelapha i-PAC oketshezini lokumba udoti, futhi akunangozi emvelweni ngemva kokwelashwa.Ngakho-ke, i-PAC iyisengezo esihle kakhulu sokuvikela imvelo sokumba uketshezi.


Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-18-2021